50. Spore

A fern is a organism which reproduces through spores. Spores are reproductive part of an organism that is capable of bringing new life directly or indirectly.

49. Predation

 

Predation is the act of an organism preying on another for food. I used a pciture of spiderweb because spiders prey on flies as their source of energy.

48. Gibberellins

Gibberellins is a plant hormone in which regulates growth.

47. Pollinator

 

Being a target for pollinators, we have these flowers in which need pollonators in order to reproduce. Pollinators can go plant to plant transmitting pollen from anthers to stigmas in flowers to fertilize their egg. Bees and hummigbirds are examples of pollinators.

46. ATP

Hidden within the plant's cells, you are able to find the home of production of ATP at a microscopic level in the chlorophlat's mitochondira. ATP's purpose is to store engery for the plant.

45. Krebs Cycle

All organisms requiring oxygen to live carry on the Kerbs Cycle, such as the insect pictured here. This process of biological reactions has its purpose in making it possible for these types of oxygen needing organisms to break down carbs and fats to turn into fuels.

44. Modified Stem of a Plant

A stem modifies in order to extend or provide a more sufficient life for the plant. This plant specifically has adapted its stem to wrap around its environment in order to form a stucture for itself, getting it off the ground safer from non-flying insects.   

43. Calvin Cycle

Taking place in the plant's stroma of the chloroplast, the Calvin Cycle is one that begins with carbon dioxide and goes through this process/cycle to create gluclose.  Carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of Rubulose are the steps this process must go through in order to meet its product of sugar molecules used as the plan'ts source of food.

42. Parenchyma Cells

Parenchyma cell's make up most plant's internal tissues and walls of leaves, and both inter an outermost tissues of stems and roots.

41. R-Strategist



R-Strategists are a group of organisms that reproduce early on in life. They produce offspring in large numbers, which generally have short life spans. Examples of these types of organisms include fish and spiders.

40. Stigma and Style of Carpel

The carpel of a flower represents its female reproductive system which is composed of the stigma, ovary, and style. The stigma is the tip in which receives the pollen. This pollen is transported down its tub, the style, leading straight for the ovary so the flower can be fertilized.

39. Cellulose

Cellulose is an organic molecular compound found in abundance in nature. Being composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen it can be located in numerous plants used to strengthen its cell walls. Cellulose has many uses in the food we consume today, with its four main purposes being fiber supplement, appetite suppresser, thickener, and it's ability to prevent sticking. I used a picture of grated parmesan cheese, because within it is cellulose helping to prevent the cheese from getting clumpy and caking.

38. Lipid Used for Energy Storage

Lipids are fats, waxes, or steroids that are insoluble in water, ready to be energy storers. They also contain hormones used to control our metabolism. Being composed of fatty acids, the body must shelve them in specific ways to get the most out of the lipids. Nuts are a good source of lipids as we see in this bag of almonds.

37. Dominant Vs. Recessive

Of course dominant alleles dominate recessive ones, hence its name. In this example, we see a picture of blue eyes and brown eyes. Brown is the dominant allele, while the blue is recessive. Depending on the offspring's parents, the percentage or chances of either blue or brown eyes varies. In my case, my mother has brown eyes, yet still carries the recessive allele for blue, while my father has blue eyes. This gave me and my brothers a 50% chance of getting blue eyes.

36. Ethylene

Ethylene is a hormone which appears as a gas containing no color, is flammable, and tends to have a sweet scent. This hormone is found in fruits like bananas to induce ripening.

35. Gymnosperm Leaf

A gymnosperm leaf is one that is cone bearing. Though a juniper doesn't necessarily bear the cones we think of that come off pine trees, the berries they produce are a variation of these cones. This means that a juniper is a gymnosperm.

34. Asexual Reproduction

Potatoes can reproduce in three different ways, asexually being the one we're going to touch on. Through fermentation and skipping meiosis, some organisms can reproduce asexually. Through the vegetation buds, also called "eyes" the potatoes is capable of growing more potatoes.

33. Cuticle Layer of a Plant

The cuticle layer of a plant is that waxy, shiny layer on the leaves made of lipids an polymers. Its purpose is protect the plant from physical and chemical components.

32. Modified Leaf of a Plant

The modification we see on an Esperanza leaf is its jagged, spiny edges. These traits where adapted to prevent predators from consuming this plant. It was simply an adaptation of survival.

31. Cambium

Cambium in a plant is when you have a layer of dividing cells between the wood and the place of root growth. This results of cambium are the rings we see in a cut log of wood

30. Connective Tissue

 

Connective tissue does exactly what is says in its name, it connects! It connects many variations of tissues with organs. Just one of the four types of tissues. I used a picture of a knee because within it, you can find tendons and ligaments all built up in a connective way to allow us bending of the knee.

29. Unicellular Organism

Let's look a little deeper than just the picture of hot dog buns we see. I'm taking about the yeast in which was added to make the buns rise. Yeast is our unicellular organism, even though it can form multicellular bonds.

28. Vestigial Structures

Vestigial structures are those that have lost their original purpose through evolution. A key vestigial structure on humans is the muscles once used to move ears in order to enhance hearing. Obviously, we have lost the ability to move and control the way our ears are facing. Seems to not hinder our everyday lives though.

27. Mycelium

To scared to touch it, I decided to leave the moldy bread inside the bag. Mycelium is a part of this mold made of thin, white filaments. It can either be seen at a microscopic level or on the outside of decaying food.

26. Exoskeleton

Though hard to see in this picture, you are able to focus on the lines of ants who all have exoskeletons. An exoskeleton is a tough, outer skeleton which protects the organisms' internal systems. Exoskeletons are found in insects and crustaceans.

25. Endotherm

An endothermic organisim is one that can control and/or maintain its body temperature regardless of its enviorment. They are also known as warm-blooded animals.

24. Histamine

Histamine is a chemical located in certain cells of the body. It is the cause of symptoms you get when you have allergies such as sneezing and a runny nose. (explains why I posted a picture of a nose) Being allergic to something, your bodies immune system automatically goes into attack mode. As a way to protect your body, histamine is released and you are given symptoms to help flush the allergen out of you.

23. Fermentation

Fermentation is a process of starting with sugars which are then converted to acids. Fermentation in lactose products allows quickly perishable foods to be preserved for much longer time periods. Lactaid acid is produced in milk which lowers its pH leaving you with many types of products such as cheese and yogurt.

22. Hydrophilic

A substance that is hydrophilic is capable of dissolving in water. Salt is highly hydrophilic.

21. Epithelial Tissue

Epithelial tissue is a protective cover on the entire outside of an organism. (i.e. skin) On a microscopic level, it is made of many cells organized in rows and layers.

20. Altruistic Behavior

Altruistic behavior is associated with unselfish behavior expressed in living creatures. In this picture, you find yourself looking at cats lying close to each other to keep warm. They are working together to meet each other's needs.

19. Hermaphrodite

A hermaphrodite is an organism who has both female and male reproductive organs. Commonly seen in invertebrates, these organisms do not have specific sexes allowing them to reproduce with any creature like itself.
I used a picture of Super Worms found at a pet store. Worms are hermaphrodites who connect at the clitella. Sperm is then exchanged, leaving both worms with an egg.

18. Anther and Filament of Stamen

Anther and filament of stamen is the place of pollen production where the insect, which helps in pollination, is found. The anther is on the tip of the stamen holding all the pollen, while the filament is the base of the stamen.

17. Long-Day Plant

A long-day plant is a plant that requires a longer period of light exposure in order to flower. Underexposure can ruin the crop, as well as overexposure. Because of that, you must be cautious when growing long-day plants such as lettuce and spinach.

16. Artificial Selection

Artificial selection came along when farmers and breeders decided they wanted to breed certain organisms with other specific ones in order to get a wanted trait. I used a picture of my dogs, because dogs have been lab rats for artificial selection for many years. They do this to please everyone's wants and needs when it comes to having a pet dog, such a sheep herder would need a dog specially built to herd sheep.

15. Analogous Structure

 An analogous structure is a functional part of two species that works similarly, yet the built of the two are very different. The two species are not connected to an ancestor, rather an adaptation to its need. For example, the fins on these fish are analogous structures which where adapted through the need to swim.

14. CAM Plant

A CAM plant, which stands for crassulacean acid metabolism, was an adaptation these organisms acquired through living in arid conditions. The pores in the plants' leaves are closed all day and open to collect carbon dioxide at night. This helps limit water loss. The carbon dioxide is then stored as a substance called malate which is used for photosynthesis when the plant receives sunlight.

13. Heterotroph

A heterotroph is an organism that cannot make or integrate their own food. Rather, they become dependent on getting their nutrients by consuming other organisms. People are heterotrophs because they do not go through processes such as photosynthesis for their source of food and energy.

12. Hydrophobic

Being hydrophobic gives the substance the characteristics of dissolution against water. The substance refuses or simply cannot dissolve into liquid H2O. Some hydroponic substances include fats, oils, and waxes.

11. Eukaryote

Eukaryote are cells contained by complex organisms. These cells are the building blocks of an organism, some containing millions upon millions to small for the naked eye to see. Eukaryote cells have a membrane surrounding them, along with many organelles that have their own job to carry out in order to keep the cell alive.
In this picture, we see a collection of flowers all made up of the complex eukaryote cells.

10. Sporophyte

Sporophytes are a type of plants and some algae that go through a special phase of making spores. This allows the organism to create asexual spores through meiosis for reproduction, such as the fern shown in the picture.

9. Autotroph

An autotroph, also know as a producer, is an organism that can make its own food. Plants are capable of making their own source of energy through the process of photosynthesis, where sunlight is converted to organic compounds which are used for energy. These specific types of autotrophs are also known as phototrophs.

8. Frond

A frond is a type of leave that has a divided look to them such as a fern or a palm leave like the one shown in this picture. The leaves of a frond can be both small and quite large and come in many different shapes.

7. Pollen

Pollen is a powdery like substance found on flowering plants in which contains sperm cells in order to reproduce sexually. Through the process of pollination, the male gametes are sent through a pollen tub   straight to the flower ovary where the female gametes are. Pollen producing plants require a third party to help them transfer the pollen, which is one of three things: wind, water, and insects.

6. Tropism

I choose to use a grape vine as an example of tropism. Tropism is the happening of an organism responding to an environmental catalyst affecting its growth patterns. These are those instances where you see vines climbing up and or covering walls, ladders, and even buildings.

Tropism is also broken into four different types:
-Photo Tropism: responds to where the most sunlight is making photosynthesis more productive.
-Thigma Tropism: responds to touch of objects.
-Gravity Tropism: responds to the effects of gravity.
-Hydera Tropism: responds to water; where it is.

5. Xylem

Xylem is a type of transport tissue only found in vascular plants, such as the bamboo pictured. Xylem's job in vascular plants, is to get water and dissolved nutrients transporting through it from its roots. Without such tissue, the plant would see its last days wilting and withering. Xylem is a necessity of life to these types of organisms.

4. Adaption of a Plant

Say hello to the very well adapted pine tree. Pine trees have had to go through many changes in order to survive there living conditions of generally being in very cold climates. For example, the pine's needles have responded to the trees need to slow down water loss. Because of how dense the needles are, air flow is limited along with evaporation, saving water.

3. Genetically Modified Organism

In this picture we see Dwarf Celosia. Dwarfing is an example of a genetic modification that an organism can acquire through a human or non-human process. To cause an organism to dwarf, genetics are altered through the use of hormones or nutritional changes. Why someone would choose to dwarf natures workings, I do not know? Maybe they just prefer the little things in life, no pun intended.

2. Amniotic Egg

An amniotic egg is one that is laid by reptiles, birds, and egg bearing mammals. What makes them so different, is the fact that the embryo, also known as the fetus, is enclosed in a membrane containing amniotic fluid protecting the new life from pressure. Used in this photo is a chicken's egg, which is an amniotic egg.